El cambio transformador con justicia ambiental y de género exige soluciones reales sobre el clima, no esquemas como las “Soluciones Basadas en la Naturaleza”
La GFC realiza aportaciones periódicas a los procesos de las Naciones Unidas sobre temas como los bosques, la biodiversidad, el cambio climático y el género, como forma de llevar las perspectivas y prioridades de nuestros grupos miembros a los espacios internacionales de formulación de políticas. Este mes, el Programa de la ONU para el Medio Ambiente ha recogido comentarios sobre las Soluciones Basadas en la Naturaleza, una noción que se ha utilizado de forma muy cuestionable para promover enfoques de mercado a las crisis del clima y la biodiversidad, como la compensación de emisiones de carbono, enfoques que emplean la misma lógica capitalista que causó las crisis en primer lugar. He aquí nuestra propuesta para ese proceso de consulta.
Crédito de la foto: Fernando Franceschelli
Propuesta para la Primera Consulta Intergubernamental del Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Medio Ambiente sobre Soluciones Basadas en la Naturaleza (SbN)
Coalición Mundial por los Bosques (GFC)
Mayo de 2023
La Coalición Mundial por los Bosques (GFC), una ONG formada por más de 120 organizaciones miembros de Pueblos Indígenas y Comunidades Locales de todo el mundo, agradece al Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Medio Ambiente (PNUMA) y a los copresidentes la oportunidad de presentar propuestas durante la Primera Consulta Intergubernamental sobre Soluciones Basadas en la Naturaleza (NbS).
La GFC se une a las voces de países y partes interesadas que expresan su preocupación por los impactos de las soluciones basadas en la naturaleza (NbS) sobre los pueblos indígenas, las comunidades locales, las mujeres en toda su diversidad, los jóvenes y los afrodescendientes.
Continuar leyendo en inglés…
Resolution 5/5 recognizes “the need for analysis of the effects of nature-based solutions…, acknowledging that they do not replace the need for rapid, deep and sustained reductions in greenhouse gas emissions.” Despite this resolution, nature-based solutions continue to be a concept used to falsely brand highly questionable and even blatantly harmful practices as environmentally-friendly or “green.”
We support the implementation of ecosystem approaches, as a way to address the root causes of the climate crisis, rather than reproducing a colonialistic climate regime that promotes the greenwashing of carbon offsetting programmes. The ecosystem approach, which is rooted in the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and its COP decisions, is the primary framework for action under the Convention, as described by the Conference of the Parties. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) also recognizes in its AR6 Synthesis Report that ecosystem-based adaptation approaches have been effective in climate mitigation.
In accordance with one of the tasks of this consultation, we request that science-based analyses of the effects of NbS, including differentiated impacts on women in all their diversity, Indigenous peoples and underrepresented groups, are carried out prior to continued support for these schemes. A compilation of bad NbS practices would also contribute to making an unbiased assessment, enrich the discussion, and address challenges to the most vulnerable groups, especially in the Global South. Market-based approaches inherently favor those with economic power and tend to further entrench inequalities faced by women, Indigenous peoples and other marginalized groups that are economically, socially and politically underrepresented. Avoiding any policy framework that allows the continuation of nature-based solutions under the guise of market-oriented processes is fundamental to supporting rights-based and gender-just approaches in biodiversity conservation and climate change mitigation.
GFC also opposes any support for new funding sources from the private sector, especially in the Global South, as well as the financialization of nature through any project seeking investment opportunities arising from the conservation, restoration and sustainable use of nature.
Climate and forest-related policies that are born of existing anthropocentric, colonial and patriarchal mindsets only perpetuate the root causes of the crisis they are supposed to tackle. In doing so, they fail to deal with the uneven distribution of access to and control over resources experienced by frontline communities on the basis of gender, class, race, caste, age and ability, among other factors.
As a result, they maintain an unjust, unequal system with intersecting forms of oppression that reproduces and strengthens structural barriers instead of breaking them down. Women, especially Indigenous and rural women, are more vulnerable to climate change and land use change such as deforestation, and addressing gender inequality is central to effective climate mitigation and adaptation.
Gender-blind climate policy-making that promotes false solutions rather than ecosystem approaches is a major concern for many civil society organizations, as demonstrated by a recent case study published by GFC. Seeking transformative change through gender and environmental justice demands real solutions to the climate regime, not schemes linked to the same corporations, industries and governments responsible for much of the historical and ongoing damage to the planet and communities worldwide.
Real emissions reductions are far more crucial than nature-based solutions that do not propose transformative action on gender-just and human rights-based approaches. GFC looks forward to continuing to support the UNEP in promoting a common agenda that advocates for environmental and gender justice while respecting the principles of multilateralism and plural approaches.
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